Nanotechnology-Based Delivery of Natural Products

Natural products are derived from plants, animals and microorganisms. They are an indispensable source of biologically active compounds that have diverse therapeutic and pharmacological effects i.e. anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. However, clinical applications of bioactive compounds are hindered by various challenges including instability, rapid metabolism, lesser bioavailability and poor solubility.  Nanotechnology has emerged as an innovative platform to overcome challenges by enabling the design of various nanocarriers, such as nano-emulsions, dendrimers, polymeric nanoparticles, green-synthesized metallic nanoparticles, and solid lipid nanoparticles. These nano-carriers increase bioavailability, controlled release, improve stability and solubility as well as minimize the side effects and boost the therapeutic efficiency of natural products. Furthermore, nanotechnology is applicable in agriculture and aquaculture for plant growth enhancement, pest control, detoxifying pollutants and boosting immunity in fish. Green nanotechnology highlights environment friendly plant-based synthesis of nanomaterials, contributing to a sustainable way for the management of environment and health of fish. This chapter describes a comprehensive overview of nanotechnology-based delivery systems of natural products, nanoformulation techniques, and applications of natural products in agriculture and aquaculture sectors.