White Mustard (Sinapis alba L.): A Functional Food with Therapeutic Potential

White mustard has been in use for centuries due to the biological and therapeutic value of its ingredients. It has been used in Ayurveda for centuries for a number of diseases and ailments, making use of its characteristic properties. In different parts of the globe, white mustard may have been used as a therapeutic agent for a number of pathological conditions, but now the main focus is turning towards the use of alternative sources of energy. White mustard, as a natural herb, contains a number of different ingredients and chemical constituents, each playing its unique role in the beneficial edible and non-edible uses of White mustard. As a therapeutic agent, white mustard has been used as an emetic, as an appetite enhancer, as a diuretic, as an anti-infectious agent and sometimes to clear the voice of the throat, reducing sore throat. White mustard extracts have demonstrated antiproliferative effects, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. Production of biodiesel from white mustard oil has been the key research area for researchers and scientists. The seeds of white mustard plants, as well as other parts, must be evaluated at large-scale research to produce other types of biofuels. The chemical conversion of the ingredients of white mustard must be explored to make the maximum use of its properties.