Challenges in Treating Multidrug-Resistant Infections

Antimicrobial resistance is a major threat to contemporary medicine. Multidrug-resistant infections reduce the efficacy of regular antimicrobial treatment, promote longer hospital stays, higher treatment expenses, and increased fatality. This chapter covers the epidemiology, molecular biology, and clinical presentation of MDR pathogens dependent on WHO, CDC, and global data, as of 2023, 2024, 2023, respectively. Additionally, experimental and emerging diagnostic approaches, as well as novel therapeutic solutions, including antimicrobial stewardship, bacteriophage treatment, and host-directed agents, are addressed, while international collaborative policy is recommended. A thorough knowledge of the various aspects of MDR infections is indispensable for healthcare providers, microbiologists, and policy-makers aiming to sustain the potency of current antimicrobials and foster new therapeutic strategies.